The proposal for this special issue was inspired by the main themes around which we organize a series of satellite workshops at Artificial Life conferences (including some of the latest European Conferences on Artificial Life), the title of which is “SB-AI: What can Synthetic Biology (SB) offer to Artificial Intelligence (AI)?” The workshop themes are part of a larger scenario in which we are interested and which we intend to develop. This scenario includes the entire taxonomy of new research frontiers generated within AI, based on the construction and experimental exploration of software, hardware, wetware, and mixed synthetic models to deepen the scientific understanding of biological cognition.

Since the early 1990s, basic research in AI, broadly conceived as the study of cognition and intelligence through artificial models, has been developed based on an increasing interest in insights provided by the sciences of life on natural cognitive structures, mechanisms, and processes....

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