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Shin I. Nishimura
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Publisher: Journals Gateway
Artificial Life (1997) 3 (4): 243–260.
Published: 01 October 1997
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The emergence of collective strategies in a prey-predator system is studied. We use the term “collective” in the sense of the collective motion of defense or attack often found in behaviors of animal grotips. In our prey-predator system, both prey and predators move around on a two-dimensional plane, interacting by playing a game; predators can score by touching the backside of a prey. Thresholds are assumed for the scores of both prey and predators. The species with the higher scores can reproduce more, and that with the lower scores will be diminished. As a result, strategies as collective motions are observed; these consist of rotating cluster motions, line formations, disordered but one-way marching, and random swarming. In particular, the strategy of random swarming encourages symbiosis in the sense that it is associated with a low extinction probability for the whole system.