Fredrik Sjöholm noted that it is important to observe that the paper's definition of job creation and job destruction will mask the full extent of job changes at the firm level. For example, if a firm creates three new jobs and eliminates two other jobs, Ando and Kimura's data set only observes the net change, which is an increase in one job. Thus, because the Ando and Kimura paper tracks net change in jobs at the firm level, the data do not reveal the full extent of job changes associated with firm activity. For this reason, Sjöholm cautioned that the data in this paper should be interpreted as a lower bound of the volatility associated with firm activities.
Sjöholm also argued that full evaluation of job market impacts needs to consider whether there are differences in the occupations and/or characteristics of jobs created versus jobs lost. Finally, in comparing this...