Vu Quoc Huy inquired about the large inefficiency in export flows of low-carbon energy technology in Vietnam. He noted that data in Vietnam can be volatile because of donor projects and the timing of disbursements. Venkatachalam Anbumozhi in his response explained that the data were extracted from the World Bank's Doing Business database and that inefficiency in export flows in many countries is often driven by poor connectivity and infrastructure as well as complex customs rules.
In Huy's view, behind the border constraints were partly due to incomplete information about export requirements. Furthermore, he had two specific suggestions regarding the estimations. First, he recommended including the average tariff rate in both the importing and exporting country. Second, he suggested including the level of per capita gross domestic product (GDP) as well per capita GDP squared. This was to account for the fact that developing countries tended to have lower production...