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Book cover for The Handbook of Rationality

The Handbook of RationalityOpen Access

Edited by
Markus Knauff,
Markus Knauff

Markus Knauff is Professor of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Science at the University of Giessen.

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Wolfgang Spohn
Wolfgang Spohn

Wolfgang Spohn is Professor Emeritus at the Philosophy Department of the University of Konstanz and Senior Professor at the University of Tübingen.

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The MIT Press
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/11252.001.0001
ISBN electronic:
9780262366175
In Special Collection: CogNet
Publication date:
2021

Contents

  1. Title Page
  2. Copyright
  3. Table of Contents
  4. Preface
  5. Overview of the Handbook
  6. Psychological and Philosophical Frameworks of Rationality—A Systematic Introduction
    1. 1. Why Study Rationality?
    2. 2. Contours of the Concept of Rationality
    3. 3. Theoretical and Practical Rationality
    4. 4. Normative and Descriptive Theories of Rationality
    5. 5. Individual and Social Rationality
    6. 6. Rationality in a Process-Oriented and an Output-Oriented Perspective
    7. 7. Preconditions of Rationality
    8. 8. Frontiers of Rationality
    9. 9. Conclusion and Open Issues
  7. I. Origins and Key Issues of Rationality
    1. Section 1 Origins of Rationality
      1. 1.1. Theories of Rationality and the Descriptive–Normative Divide: A Historical Approach
      2. 1.2. The Rationality Debate in the Psychology of Reasoning: A Historical Review
      3. 1.3. Evolution of Rationality
      4. 1.4. Rationality and the Brain
    2. Section 2 Key Issues of Rationality
      1. 2.1. Reasons and Rationality
      2. 2.2. Practical and Theoretical Rationality
      3. 2.3. Mental Models, Reasoning, and Rationality
      4. 2.4. Heuristics and Biases
      5. 2.5. Dual-Process Theories of Deductive Reasoning
      6. 2.6. Logico-Computational Aspects of Rationality
  8. II. Theoretical Rationality
    1. Section 3 Deductive Reasoning
      1. 3.1. Propositional and First-Order Logic
      2. 3.2. Natural Logic
      3. 3.3. Psychological Theories of Syllogistic Reasoning
    2. Section 4 Probabilistic Reasoning
      1. 4.1. Subjective Probability and Its Dynamics
      2. 4.2. Bayes Nets and Rationality
      3. 4.3. Evidential Relevance
      4. 4.4. Probability Logic
      5. 4.5. Bayesian Rationality in the Psychology of Reasoning
      6. 4.6. Probabilities and Conditionals
      7. 4.7. Representing Belief: Beyond Probability and Logic
    3. Section 5 Belief Revision, Defeasible Reasoning, and Argumentation Theory
      1. 5.1. Doxastic and Epistemic Logic
      2. 5.2. Belief Revision
      3. 5.3. Ranking Theory
      4. 5.4. Defeasible Reasoning and Belief Revision in Psychology
      5. 5.5. Argumentation Theory
      6. 5.6. Reasoning and Argumentation
    4. Section 6 Conditional and Counterfactual Reasoning
      1. 6.1. Conditional and Counterfactual Logic
      2. 6.2. The Suppositional Theory of Conditionals and Rationality
      3. 6.3. Conditional and Counterfactual Reasoning
      4. 6.4. Utility Conditionals
    5. Section 7 Causal and Diagnostic Reasoning
      1. 7.1. Causal and Counterfactual Inference
      2. 7.2. The Rationality of Everyday Causal Cognition
      3. 7.3. Diagnostic Causal Reasoning
  9. III. Practical Rationality
    1. Section 8 Individual Rationality and Decision Making
      1. 8.1. Preferences and Utility Functions
      2. 8.2. Standard Decision Theory
      3. 8.3. Prospect Theory
      4. 8.4. Decision under Uncertainty
      5. 8.5. Bounded Rationality: A Vision of Rational Choice in the Real World
      6. 8.6. Reasoning, Rationality, and Metacognition
    2. Section 9 Game Theory
      1. 9.1. Classical Game Theory
      2. 9.2. Epistemic Game Theory
      3. 9.3. Evolutionary Game Theory
      4. 9.4. Rationality in Economics: Theory and Evidence
    3. Section 10 Aspects of Social Rationality
      1. 10.1. Social Epistemology
      2. 10.2. Collective Rationality
      3. 10.3. Rationality in Communication
      4. 10.4. Rational Choice Theory in the Social Sciences
      5. 10.5. Structural Rationality
      6. 10.6. Adaptationism: A Meta-Normative Theory of Rationality
    4. Section 11 Deontic and Legal Reasoning
      1. 11.1. Deontic Logic
      2. 11.2. Deontic Reasoning in Psychology
      3. 11.3. Legal Logic
      4. 11.4. Logical Models of Legal Argumentation
    5. Section 12 Moral Thinking and Rationality
      1. 12.1. Rationality and Morality
      2. 12.2. Moral Reasons
      3. 12.3. The Psychology and Rationality of Moral Judgment
  10. IV. Facets of Rationality
    1. Section 13 Visual and Spatial Reasoning
      1. 13.1. Logical Reasoning with Diagrams
      2. 13.2. Rational Reasoning about Spatial and Temporal Relations
      3. 13.3. Visualization and Rationality
    2. Section 14 Scientific Rationality
      1. 14.1. Scientific Rationality and Objectivity
      2. 14.2. Rationality and the Value-Freedom of Science
      3. 14.3. Rationality and the Public Understanding of Science
    3. Section 15 Individual Differences, Learning, and Improvement of Rational Thinking
      1. 15.1. The Development of Basic Human Rationality
      2. 15.2. Rationality and Intelligence
      3. 15.3. How to Improve Rational Thinking?
  11. Contributors
  12. Name Index
  13. Subject Index
html-cover-page title_page copyright contents preface overview psychological part_1 part_2 chapter_1 chapter_2 chapter_3 chapter_4 part_3 chapter_5 chapter_6 chapter_7 chapter_8 chapter_9 chapter_10 part_4 part_5 chapter_11 chapter_12 chapter_13 part_6 chapter_14 chapter_15 chapter_16 chapter_17 chapter_18 chapter_19 chapter_20 part_7 chapter_21 chapter_22 chapter_23 chapter_24 chapter_25 chapter_26 part_8 chapter_27 chapter_28 chapter_29 chapter_30 part_9 chapter_31 chapter_32 chapter_33 part_10 part_11 chapter_34 chapter_35 chapter_36 chapter_37 chapter_38 chapter_39 part_12 chapter_40 chapter_41 chapter_42 chapter_43 part_13 chapter_44 chapter_45 chapter_46 chapter_47 chapter_48 chapter_49 part_14 chapter_50 chapter_51 chapter_52 chapter_53 part_15 chapter_54 chapter_55 chapter_56 part_16 part_17 chapter_57 chapter_58 chapter_59 part_18 chapter_60 chapter_61 chapter_62 part_19 chapter_63 chapter_64 chapter_65 contributors index1 index2