Between the Image and Anthropology: Theatrical Lessons from Aby Warburg's “Nympha”

In the 1890s Aby Warburg began to articulate a theory of performance that he called the “Pathos Formula.” He conceptualized this formula around the figure-of-woman-in-movement—“Nympha.” The “Nympha” occupies the same place in Warburg's theory as “strips of film/strips of behavior” does in Richard Schechner's “Restoration of Behavior.” Warburg's Nympha illuminates how the invocation of film strips as culturally neutral inflected performance studies from the outset with a gendering that has been reflected and contested ever since.