In this book, Boddice explores how medical scientists developed their defense of scientific experimentation on animals in late nineteenth- to early twentieth-century Britain and United States, thereby causing drastic changes to the idea of medical humanity. In addition, the book analyzes the difficulties that both countries confronted and the strategies that they deployed against the anti-vivisection movement. The book argues that when scientific communities faced accusations of immorality from anti-vivisectionists, they not only acquired support from domestic and overseas scientific allies but also merged the scientific spirit with discourses of culture, rhetoric, politics, and gender to develop their own version of medical humanity.

Boddice constructs his argument in five chronological chapters in the context of a longue durée (8). Building on his previous work, which focused on medical science as a sympathetic practice in nineteenth-century Britain (3), he analyzes old British and American official archives, medical records, and personal letters...

You do not currently have access to this content.