In “Composite Measures of Brain Activation Predict Individual Differences in Behavioral Stroop Interference” by Smith, L. L., Snyder, H. R., Hankin, B. L., and Banich, M. T. [Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 35, 781–801, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01977], Figure 1 contained an error in which the line under the mid-cingulate cortex read “Working Memory Biasing” but should have read “Late-Stage Response Selection.” The correct figure is present below:
(A) The cascade-of-control model (Banich, 2009, 2019) outlining the brain regions that are involved in controlling interference in the Stroop task. For an incongruent trial, such as the word “Yellow” written in green ink, control is implemented via a cascade. First, regions of IFJ enact an abstract task set that serves to bias sensory and perceptual processing toward the task-relevant color information and/or away from the task-irrelevant word information. Next along the cascade, mid-DLPFC regions select the task-relevant information that should be maintained in working memory (e.g., green not yellow). At the final stage considered within the current study, caudal regions of mid-cingulate bias late-stage response selection toward the task-appropriate response (e.g., button press for green). Importantly, the degree to which one region is active in controlling Stroop interference depends on how well control has been implemented at prior points in the cascade. (B) Example of strong top–down biasing via IFJ. (C) Example of weak top–down biasing via IFJ.
(A) The cascade-of-control model (Banich, 2009, 2019) outlining the brain regions that are involved in controlling interference in the Stroop task. For an incongruent trial, such as the word “Yellow” written in green ink, control is implemented via a cascade. First, regions of IFJ enact an abstract task set that serves to bias sensory and perceptual processing toward the task-relevant color information and/or away from the task-irrelevant word information. Next along the cascade, mid-DLPFC regions select the task-relevant information that should be maintained in working memory (e.g., green not yellow). At the final stage considered within the current study, caudal regions of mid-cingulate bias late-stage response selection toward the task-appropriate response (e.g., button press for green). Importantly, the degree to which one region is active in controlling Stroop interference depends on how well control has been implemented at prior points in the cascade. (B) Example of strong top–down biasing via IFJ. (C) Example of weak top–down biasing via IFJ.