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John Beavers
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Journal Articles
Publisher: Journals Gateway
Linguistic Inquiry (2012) 43 (3): 331–369.
Published: 01 July 2012
Abstract
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Rappaport Hovav and Levin (2010) argue that verbs fall into (at least) two classes: result verbs (e.g., break ) and manner verbs (e.g., run ). No verb encodes both manner and result simultaneously, a truth-conditional fact that Rappaport Hovav and Levin argue follows from how verb meanings are composed at the level of event structure. However, a key issue in verifying this claim is isolating truth-conditional diagnostics for manner and result. We develop and review a number of such diagnostics and show that there are verbs that encode both meanings together, counterexemplifying their truth-conditional complementarity. However, using evidence from scopal adverbs, we argue that when the meanings occur together, they are encoded in a single, undecomposable manner+result root at event structure. This fact validates complementarity as a fact about how many and what types of roots may occur in an event structure, though it also argues for a richer typology of roots than is typically assumed, including those encoding manner and result simultaneously.
Journal Articles
Publisher: Journals Gateway
Linguistic Inquiry (2006) 37 (3): 503–513.
Published: 01 July 2006