Special Issue of Presence: Virtual and Augmented Reality Virtual and Augmented Reality for Autonomous Driving and Intelligent Vehicles: Guest Editors' Introduction

According to statistics published in IEEE Spectrum (Prins, Gunkel, Stokking, & Niamut, 2018), the total revenue for virtual reality hardware and software will grow 200-fold from the 2014 basic value by 2020. According to the latest update of the IDC Worldwide Semiannual Augmented and Virtual Reality Spending Guide, the automotive domain will be one beneficiary of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technology with spending expected to reach $12.8 billion by 2020. Another 2017 study by the German Association for the Digital Economy (BVDW) and Accenture (Lucas, 2017) outlines the opportunities and challenges of AR and VR in the automotive industry. AR/VR technology will increase road safety, bring intuitive activities to driving, and finally enhance driving experience. AR/VR technology may also help on the transition toward automated driving. AR head-up displays (HUDs) may soon overlay 3D navigation instructions onto road geometry, and moving obstacles such as...