Audio windowing is a front-end, or user interface, to an audio system with a real-time spatial sound back end. Complementing directionalization by a digital signal processor (DSP), gain adjustment is used to control the volume of the various mixels ([sound] mixing elements). Virtual gain can be synthesized from components derived from collective iconic size, mutual distance, orientation and directivity, and selectively enabled according to room-wise partitioning of sources across sinks. This paper describes a derivation of virtual gain, and outlines the deployment of these expressions in an audio windowing system.

A technique is presented for dynamically invoking a set of head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) and scaling gain, driven by a dynamic map in a graphic window. With such an interface, users may configure a virtual conferencing environment, manipulating virtual positions of teleconferees. The design of a personal headphone teleconferencing prototype is proposed, integrating spatialized sound presentation with individualized HRTF measurement using a bifunctional transducer. According to judgment tests, the use of individualized HRTFs instead of dummy-head HRTFs can reduce front-back sound image confusion.