MIT Press

Table 3.

Sample Means Pre- and Post-Policy by Pre-Policy Test Center Status

	Before Mandatory ACT Policy			After Mandatory ACT Policy
	No Center (1)	Center (2)	Difference (3)	No Center (4)	Center (5)	Difference (6)	Diff-in-Diff (6) – (3) (7)	Matched Sample Diff-in-Diff (8)
Demographics
Black	0.124	0.166	−0.043^*	0.145	0.180	−0.035	0.008	0.003
Hispanic	0.032	0.029	0.003	0.037	0.032	0.005	0.002	0.000
Free lunch	0.248	0.220	0.028^*	0.331	0.292	0.040^**	0.012^*	−0.006
Eighth grade scores	−0.009	0.071	−0.080^**	−0.025	0.056	−0.080^**	0.000	−0.010
Pupil–Teacher ratio	20.6	21.8	−1.2	19.8	20.1	−0.3	0.9	1.5
Grade 11 enrollment	216.6	345.1	−128.5^***	223.3	360.1	−136.8^***	−8.3^*	−6.7
Local unemployment	7.57	7.11	0.45^*	9.26	8.83	0.43	−0.024	−0.057
Urban area	0.543	0.711	−0.167^***	0.551	0.714	−0.163^***	0.004	0.005
Rural area	0.457	0.289	0.167^***	0.449	0.286	0.163^***	−0.004	−0.005
Educational attainment
Take ACT or SAT	0.540	0.607	−0.067^***	0.927	0.932	−0.005	0.061^***	0.039^***
Graduate high school	0.847	0.876	−0.029^***	0.847	0.879	−0.032^***	−0.003	−0.001
Enroll in any college	0.554	0.611	−0.056^***	0.576	0.631	−0.055^***	0.001	0.005
Enroll in four–year college	0.292	0.343	−0.050^***	0.306	0.352	−0.046^***	0.004	0.008^*
Enroll in two–year college	0.262	0.268	−0.006	0.270	0.279	−0.009	−0.003	−0.003
Number of schools	523	251		518	251
Number of students	165,009	181,463		168,825	186,468

	Before Mandatory ACT Policy			After Mandatory ACT Policy
	No Center (1)	Center (2)	Difference (3)	No Center (4)	Center (5)	Difference (6)	Diff-in-Diff (6) – (3) (7)	Matched Sample Diff-in-Diff (8)
Demographics
Black	0.124	0.166	−0.043^*	0.145	0.180	−0.035	0.008	0.003
Hispanic	0.032	0.029	0.003	0.037	0.032	0.005	0.002	0.000
Free lunch	0.248	0.220	0.028^*	0.331	0.292	0.040^**	0.012^*	−0.006
Eighth grade scores	−0.009	0.071	−0.080^**	−0.025	0.056	−0.080^**	0.000	−0.010
Pupil–Teacher ratio	20.6	21.8	−1.2	19.8	20.1	−0.3	0.9	1.5
Grade 11 enrollment	216.6	345.1	−128.5^***	223.3	360.1	−136.8^***	−8.3^*	−6.7
Local unemployment	7.57	7.11	0.45^*	9.26	8.83	0.43	−0.024	−0.057
Urban area	0.543	0.711	−0.167^***	0.551	0.714	−0.163^***	0.004	0.005
Rural area	0.457	0.289	0.167^***	0.449	0.286	0.163^***	−0.004	−0.005
Educational attainment
Take ACT or SAT	0.540	0.607	−0.067^***	0.927	0.932	−0.005	0.061^***	0.039^***
Graduate high school	0.847	0.876	−0.029^***	0.847	0.879	−0.032^***	−0.003	−0.001
Enroll in any college	0.554	0.611	−0.056^***	0.576	0.631	−0.055^***	0.001	0.005
Enroll in four–year college	0.292	0.343	−0.050^***	0.306	0.352	−0.046^***	0.004	0.008^*
Enroll in two–year college	0.262	0.268	−0.006	0.270	0.279	−0.009	−0.003	−0.003
Number of schools	523	251		518	251
Number of students	165,009	181,463		168,825	186,468

Notes: The sample is all first-time, public school Michigan eleventh graders in years 2004–09, conditional on reaching spring of eleventh grade. “No Center” and “Center” refer to whether or not a high school was an ACT test center before the mandatory ACT policy. The sample for column 8 is restricted to the 226 schools without a pre-policy ACT test center and the 226 schools with a pre-policy test center matched using nearest neighbor matching.

^*Significant at the 10% level; ^**significant at the 5% level; ^***significant at the 1% level.

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