Because most of the nominal senses were classified as results (72%), it should not surprise us that all types of determiners have a wide percentage of result nominalizations. A striking result observed in Table 3, however, is that indefinite articles (99%), demonstratives (100%), and quantifiers (100%) nearly always appear with result senses. In contrast, the definite article, the possessive, and the empty position can occur in all nominalization classes. Seventy-two percent of definite articles appear with result, 13% with event, and 15% with underspecified nominalizations; 82% of possessive determiners appear with result, 10% with events, and 8% with underspecified nominalizations; and 88% of nominalizations without determiner are classified as result, 5% as events, and 7% as underspecified nominalizations. The data therefore partially confirm the hypotheses from the literature: Result nominalizations appear with a wider range of determiners. Although event nominalizations are not always specified by a definite article, they can also appear with possessive determiners or without any determiner.
Distribution of the denotation types according to the criteria evaluated.
| Criteria . | Values . | Result (%) . | Event (%) . | Underspecified (%) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Verbal Class | Accomplishments | 74 | 15 | 11 |
| Achievements | 71 | 1 | 28 | |
| States | 97 | – | 3 | |
| Activities | 100 | – | – | |
| Pluralization | Plural | 98 | – | 2 |
| Singular | 69 | 15 | 16 | |
| Determiners | Definite | 72 | 13 | 15 |
| Indefinite | 99 | – | 1 | |
| Demonstrative | 100 | – | – | |
| Possessive | 82 | 10 | 8 | |
| Quantifier | 100 | – | – | |
| No Determiner | 88 | 5 | 7 | |
| Preposition-Agent | de ‘of’ | 98 | – | 2 |
| entre ‘between’ | 100 | – | – | |
| por ‘by’ | – | 100 | – | |
| por parte de ‘by’ | – | 100 | – | |
| Internal Argument | Possessive | 41 | 38 | 21 |
| PPs | 53 | 25 | 22 | |
| Relative Pronoun | 71 | 29 | – | |
| Relational Adjectives | 97 | – | 3 | |
| External Argument | por ‘by’ PPs | – | 100 | – |
| Relational Adjectives | 100 | – | – | |
| Possessive | 95 | – | 5 | |
| Predicates | Attributive | 75 | 6 | 18 |
| Eventive | 44 | 41 | 15 |
| Criteria . | Values . | Result (%) . | Event (%) . | Underspecified (%) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Verbal Class | Accomplishments | 74 | 15 | 11 |
| Achievements | 71 | 1 | 28 | |
| States | 97 | – | 3 | |
| Activities | 100 | – | – | |
| Pluralization | Plural | 98 | – | 2 |
| Singular | 69 | 15 | 16 | |
| Determiners | Definite | 72 | 13 | 15 |
| Indefinite | 99 | – | 1 | |
| Demonstrative | 100 | – | – | |
| Possessive | 82 | 10 | 8 | |
| Quantifier | 100 | – | – | |
| No Determiner | 88 | 5 | 7 | |
| Preposition-Agent | de ‘of’ | 98 | – | 2 |
| entre ‘between’ | 100 | – | – | |
| por ‘by’ | – | 100 | – | |
| por parte de ‘by’ | – | 100 | – | |
| Internal Argument | Possessive | 41 | 38 | 21 |
| PPs | 53 | 25 | 22 | |
| Relative Pronoun | 71 | 29 | – | |
| Relational Adjectives | 97 | – | 3 | |
| External Argument | por ‘by’ PPs | – | 100 | – |
| Relational Adjectives | 100 | – | – | |
| Possessive | 95 | – | 5 | |
| Predicates | Attributive | 75 | 6 | 18 |
| Eventive | 44 | 41 | 15 |