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Table 1.

Baseline Regression

Variable	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)
Average temperature	−0.0105^***	−0.0126^***	−0.0122^***	−0.0125^***	−0.0123^***	−0.0121^***	−0.0124^***
	(0.0037)	(0.0039)	(0.0039)	(0.0039)	(0.0039)	(0.0039)	(0.0039)
Average precipitation		−0.0054^***	−0.0054^**	−0.0002	0.0027	−0.0012	0.0113^**
		(0.0020)	(0.0024)	(0.0032)	(0.0050)	(0.0025)	(0.0055)
Average temperature $\times$ Agricultural county^a average				0.0001			0.0000
				(0.0006)			(0.0006)
Precipitation $\times$ agricultural county average				−0.0075^**			−0.0072^**
				(0.0032)			(0.0032)
Temperature $\times$ hot country^b average					0.0012		0.0011
					(0.0008)		(0.0008)
Precipitation $\times$ hot country average					−0.0093^*		−0.0087^*
					(0.0048)		(0.0048)
Temperature $\times$ poor county^c average						0.0025^***	0.0025^***
						(0.0005)	(0.0005)
Precipitation $\times$ poor country						−0.0171^***	−0.0171^***
						(0.0028)	(0.0028)
Average atmospheric pressure			0.0020	0.0020	0.0020	0.0018	0.0018
			(0.0013)	(0.0013)	(0.0013)	(0.0013)	(0.0013)
Average wind speed			0.0139^*	0.0120	0.0144^*	0.0095	0.0080
			(0.0073)	(0.0074)	(0.0073)	(0.0074)	(0.0075)
Total sunshine hours			−0.0000	−0.0000	−0.0000	−0.0000	−0.0000
			(0.0000)	(0.0000)	(0.0000)	(0.0000)	(0.0000)
Observations	25,363	25,363	25,318	25,318	25,318	25,318	25,318
R-squared	0.0795	0.0797	0.0801	0.0817	0.0803	0.0817	0.0834

Variable	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)
Average temperature	−0.0105^***	−0.0126^***	−0.0122^***	−0.0125^***	−0.0123^***	−0.0121^***	−0.0124^***
	(0.0037)	(0.0039)	(0.0039)	(0.0039)	(0.0039)	(0.0039)	(0.0039)
Average precipitation		−0.0054^***	−0.0054^**	−0.0002	0.0027	−0.0012	0.0113^**
		(0.0020)	(0.0024)	(0.0032)	(0.0050)	(0.0025)	(0.0055)
Average temperature $\times$ Agricultural county^a average				0.0001			0.0000
				(0.0006)			(0.0006)
Precipitation $\times$ agricultural county average				−0.0075^**			−0.0072^**
				(0.0032)			(0.0032)
Temperature $\times$ hot country^b average					0.0012		0.0011
					(0.0008)		(0.0008)
Precipitation $\times$ hot country average					−0.0093^*		−0.0087^*
					(0.0048)		(0.0048)
Temperature $\times$ poor county^c average						0.0025^***	0.0025^***
						(0.0005)	(0.0005)
Precipitation $\times$ poor country						−0.0171^***	−0.0171^***
						(0.0028)	(0.0028)
Average atmospheric pressure			0.0020	0.0020	0.0020	0.0018	0.0018
			(0.0013)	(0.0013)	(0.0013)	(0.0013)	(0.0013)
Average wind speed			0.0139^*	0.0120	0.0144^*	0.0095	0.0080
			(0.0073)	(0.0074)	(0.0073)	(0.0074)	(0.0075)
Total sunshine hours			−0.0000	−0.0000	−0.0000	−0.0000	−0.0000
			(0.0000)	(0.0000)	(0.0000)	(0.0000)	(0.0000)
Observations	25,363	25,363	25,318	25,318	25,318	25,318	25,318
R-squared	0.0795	0.0797	0.0801	0.0817	0.0803	0.0817	0.0834

Notes: The dependent variable for all columns is the growth rate of county-level gross domestic product per capita. All columns include county fixed effects and year fixed effects. Standard errors are clustered in province-by-years and counties. ^*p < 0.1, ^**p < 0.05, and ^***p < 0.01.

^aA county is defined as an agricultural county if its agriculture ratio exceeds the median agriculture ratio of sample counties.

^bA county is defined as a hot county if its average temperature from 1996 to 2012 exceeds the median of sample counties.

^cA county is defined as a poor county if its average wage and average net income per capita of rural residents from 1996 to 2012 are smaller than the corresponding medians of sample counties.

Sources: Authors’ estimation based on weather data from the China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and on economic data from the Support System for China Statistics Application.

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