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Table 6.

Percentage of shortest paths between EU regions belonging to different countries, including U.S. regions, classified by number of U.S. regions included in the 2000–2009 period, in the real network and null models. The data values related to the null models are expressed as differences with respect to the real network. The double asterisks (**) indicate that all the differences, except one, are statistically significant at p < 0.01

	Real network	US-INT	US-INT-STR	EU-US	EU-US-STR
% sp ≥1 USA node	57.7635	−24.3377**	+6.7447**	−52.4168**	+2.0894**
% sp 1 USA node	5.0215	+22.5199**	−2.4165**	−2.9377**	+15.4171**
% sp 2 USA nodes	18.9355	−13.3102**	−11.9037**	−18.6610**	+1.7815**
% sp 3 USA nodes	9.7906	−9.5757**	+11.9008**	−9.4098**	+0.5475
% sp >3 USA nodes	24.0159	−23.9717**	+9.1641**	−21.4084**	−15.6567**

	Real network	US-INT	US-INT-STR	EU-US	EU-US-STR
% sp ≥1 USA node	57.7635	−24.3377**	+6.7447**	−52.4168**	+2.0894**
% sp 1 USA node	5.0215	+22.5199**	−2.4165**	−2.9377**	+15.4171**
% sp 2 USA nodes	18.9355	−13.3102**	−11.9037**	−18.6610**	+1.7815**
% sp 3 USA nodes	9.7906	−9.5757**	+11.9008**	−9.4098**	+0.5475
% sp >3 USA nodes	24.0159	−23.9717**	+9.1641**	−21.4084**	−15.6567**

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