MIT Press

Table 10:

For each strategy, we show the increase or decrease in the average percentage of utterances trusted/judged correctly for annotators reporting that strategy compared with all annotators. We also show percentage of annotators reporting the strategy and a sample response from one. For % correct and % trust, the statistical significance is computed by comparing the annotators who said they used the strategy and annotators who did not with a Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon U test. * p < 0.05; **; p < 0.01; ***; p < 0.001.

Strategy	%Correct	%Trust	%Used	Example
Prosody	− 0.25	− 0.17	45.74%	voice tone and pattern
Response latency	+ 0.11	− 2.13^**	30.71%	listened for delays in the speakers response
Pauses	− 0.52	− 2.95^**	24.66%	I listened for pauses to see...
Disfluency	− 0.59	− 1.88^*	22.87%	If they said “um” I thought they were lying
Intuition	+ 1.09	+ 0.52	22.87%	My gut instinct...
Details	+ 0.81	− 2.95^*	17.26%	...how much or how little detail they used...
Prior	+ 1.95	+ 2.85^*	13.90%	How realistic the answers were
Style	− 0.65	+ 0.86	11.88%	Anxiety in voice
Confidence	− 2.83^*	− 1.60	11.21%	paying attention to the person’s confidence..
Duration	− 0.94	− 2.80	9.41%	length of answer
Speaking rate	+ 0.39	− 0.64	6.72%	Speed of answer
Speaker traits	+ 0.07	− 0.00	6.05%	how relaxed they were
Lexical	+ 1.53	+ 1.00	5.16%	Look for context around the words
Laughter	+ 1.04	+ 0.40	1.79%	if they laugh its false
Clarity	+ 2.52	+ 9.71^*	1.35%	People usually give more and clearer details...
Breathing	+ 5.33	− 2.73	1.12%	I tried to notice when they breathe so deeply..
Repeat question	+ 0.36	+ 6.10	0.67%	I id notice one person repeat the question..
Contradictions	+ 0.04	+ 1.24	0.67%	...the person blatantly contradicted themselves...
Repetition	+ 1.24	+ 6.52	0.44%	repetition when lying

Strategy	%Correct	%Trust	%Used	Example
Prosody	− 0.25	− 0.17	45.74%	voice tone and pattern
Response latency	+ 0.11	− 2.13^**	30.71%	listened for delays in the speakers response
Pauses	− 0.52	− 2.95^**	24.66%	I listened for pauses to see...
Disfluency	− 0.59	− 1.88^*	22.87%	If they said “um” I thought they were lying
Intuition	+ 1.09	+ 0.52	22.87%	My gut instinct...
Details	+ 0.81	− 2.95^*	17.26%	...how much or how little detail they used...
Prior	+ 1.95	+ 2.85^*	13.90%	How realistic the answers were
Style	− 0.65	+ 0.86	11.88%	Anxiety in voice
Confidence	− 2.83^*	− 1.60	11.21%	paying attention to the person’s confidence..
Duration	− 0.94	− 2.80	9.41%	length of answer
Speaking rate	+ 0.39	− 0.64	6.72%	Speed of answer
Speaker traits	+ 0.07	− 0.00	6.05%	how relaxed they were
Lexical	+ 1.53	+ 1.00	5.16%	Look for context around the words
Laughter	+ 1.04	+ 0.40	1.79%	if they laugh its false
Clarity	+ 2.52	+ 9.71^*	1.35%	People usually give more and clearer details...
Breathing	+ 5.33	− 2.73	1.12%	I tried to notice when they breathe so deeply..
Repeat question	+ 0.36	+ 6.10	0.67%	I id notice one person repeat the question..
Contradictions	+ 0.04	+ 1.24	0.67%	...the person blatantly contradicted themselves...
Repetition	+ 1.24	+ 6.52	0.44%	repetition when lying

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