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Table 2.
Federal Troop Levels during Reconstruction, 1870–77
StateTroops 1870 (high/low)Troops 1877
Tennessee∗∗ 466/160 61/38 
Arkansas 666/344 79/51 
North Carolina 897/260 336/44 
Alabama 719/478 336/23 
Florida 643/331 572/310 
Louisiana 893/512 1,506/345 
South Carolina 563/250 959/150 
Virginia 1,280/413 820/696 
Mississippi 804/191 119/0 
Georgia 1,036/680 479/149 
Texas∗∗∗ 5,102/3,769 4,099/3,243 
Kentucky∗∗ 666/344 84/0 
StateTroops 1870 (high/low)Troops 1877
Tennessee∗∗ 466/160 61/38 
Arkansas 666/344 79/51 
North Carolina 897/260 336/44 
Alabama 719/478 336/23 
Florida 643/331 572/310 
Louisiana 893/512 1,506/345 
South Carolina 563/250 959/150 
Virginia 1,280/413 820/696 
Mississippi 804/191 119/0 
Georgia 1,036/680 479/149 
Texas∗∗∗ 5,102/3,769 4,099/3,243 
Kentucky∗∗ 666/344 84/0 

For the troop levels for 1870 and 1877, the numbers varied within the year and the high/low for that year is given, but the month of the peak varies by state. Gregory P. Downs and Scott Nesbit, “Mapping Occupation: Force, Freedom, and the Army in Reconstruction,” American Council of Learned Societies, University of Georgia, March 2015, http://mappingoccupation.org/map/index.html.

∗∗

Figures for Kentucky and Tennessee are given, but they were not part of Reconstruction, as they had met the conditions before the Reconstruction Acts were passed.

∗∗∗

Texas troop numbers are higher, but the majority of troops were deployed to prevent Native American raids and to guard the U.S.-Mexico border. Mark Grimsley, “Wars for the American South: The First and Second Reconstructions Considered as Insurgencies,” Civil War History, Vol. 58, No. 1 (March 2012), p. 12, doi.org/10.1353/cwh.2012.0026.

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