Significant predictors for a word’s age of acquisition are marked by asterisks (p < 0.05*; p < 0.01**; p < 0.001***). Signs of coefficients are notated in parentheses. The R2 denotes the adjusted R2 in a regression using all five predictors.
| . | LSTM . | GPT-2 . | BiLSTM . | BERT . | Children . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Log-frequency | ***(−) | ***(−) | ***(−) | ***(−) | ***(−) |
| MLU | **( +) | ***( +) | ***( +) | ***( +) | |
| n-chars | ***(−) | ***(−) | ***(−) | ***(−) | **( +) |
| Concreteness | ***(−) | ||||
| Lexical class | *** | *** | *** | ||
| R2 | 0.93 | 0.92 | 0.95 | 0.94 | 0.43 |
| . | LSTM . | GPT-2 . | BiLSTM . | BERT . | Children . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Log-frequency | ***(−) | ***(−) | ***(−) | ***(−) | ***(−) |
| MLU | **( +) | ***( +) | ***( +) | ***( +) | |
| n-chars | ***(−) | ***(−) | ***(−) | ***(−) | **( +) |
| Concreteness | ***(−) | ||||
| Lexical class | *** | *** | *** | ||
| R2 | 0.93 | 0.92 | 0.95 | 0.94 | 0.43 |