Cognitive abilities predicting Chinese reading skill using hierarchical stepwise regression analysis
| Variables . | β . | t . | R2 . | R2 change . | F . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Step1 | |||||
| Age | 0.633 | 4.768*** | 0.401 | 0.401 | 22.733*** |
| Step2 | |||||
| Age | 0.568 | 4.414*** | 0.482 | 0.081 | 15.347*** |
| Chinese PA | 0.292 | 2.274* | |||
| Step3 | |||||
| Age | 0.450 | 3.375** | 0.548 | 0.066 | 12.952*** |
| Chinese PA | 0.343 | 2.761** | |||
| Visual spatial ability | 0.283 | 2.170* | |||
| Variables . | β . | t . | R2 . | R2 change . | F . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Step1 | |||||
| Age | 0.633 | 4.768*** | 0.401 | 0.401 | 22.733*** |
| Step2 | |||||
| Age | 0.568 | 4.414*** | 0.482 | 0.081 | 15.347*** |
| Chinese PA | 0.292 | 2.274* | |||
| Step3 | |||||
| Age | 0.450 | 3.375** | 0.548 | 0.066 | 12.952*** |
| Chinese PA | 0.343 | 2.761** | |||
| Visual spatial ability | 0.283 | 2.170* | |||
Note. This table shows the results of stepwise hierarchical regression analysis with age, sex, Chinese phonological awareness, and visual spatial ability as the independent variables and Chinese reading skill as the dependent variable. Results show that sex failed to be a significant predictor for Chinese reading skill. Age entered into the regression model at the first step, with Chinese phonological awareness at the second step, and visual spatial ability at the third step. It was found that both Chinese phonological awareness and visual spatial ability had significant unique contributions to Chinese reading skill after age was controlled for.
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; PA, phonological awareness.