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Table 1

Works, Attribution Status and Use in Study

Title (year)Subject matterAttribution statusUse
Mona Lisa (1503–1506) Portrait Substantially unquestioned Training 
The Annunciation (1472) Religious scene, multiple figures and landscape Substantially unquestioned Training 
The Baptism of Christ (1470–1480) Portrait (one angel painted by Leonardo) Generally unquestioned Training (using isolated Leonardo angel) 
Madonna of the Carnation (1478) Madonna and child Substantially unquestioned, possibly with some overpainting Training 
Ginevra de’ Benci (1474–1478) Portrait Generally unquestioned Training 
Benois Madonna (1478) Madonna and child Generally unquestioned Training 
Virgin of the Rocks (Louvre version) (1483–1486) Religious scene, multiple figures and landscape Substantially unquestioned Training 
Lady with an Ermine (portrait of Cecilia Gallerani) (1490) Portrait Generally unquestioned Training 
The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne (1503) Religious scene, multiple figures and landscape Substantially unquestioned Training 
Saint John the Baptist (1513–1516) Religious scene, single figure Generally unquestioned Training 
Portrait of a Musician (1490) Portrait Generally unquestioned Training 
Virgin of the Rocks (London version) (1491–1508) Religious scene, multiple figures and landscape Generally unquestioned Training 
La Bella Principessa (1495–1496) Portrait Questioned Test 
La Belle Ferronnière (1490–1497) Portrait Generally unquestioned Test 
Madonna Litta (mid-1490s) Madonna and child Questioned Comparative 
Isleworth Mona Lisa (1508–1516) Portrait Questioned Comparative 
Seated Bacchus (1510–1515) Religious (genre) scene, single figure Workshop of Leonardo Comparative 
Title (year)Subject matterAttribution statusUse
Mona Lisa (1503–1506) Portrait Substantially unquestioned Training 
The Annunciation (1472) Religious scene, multiple figures and landscape Substantially unquestioned Training 
The Baptism of Christ (1470–1480) Portrait (one angel painted by Leonardo) Generally unquestioned Training (using isolated Leonardo angel) 
Madonna of the Carnation (1478) Madonna and child Substantially unquestioned, possibly with some overpainting Training 
Ginevra de’ Benci (1474–1478) Portrait Generally unquestioned Training 
Benois Madonna (1478) Madonna and child Generally unquestioned Training 
Virgin of the Rocks (Louvre version) (1483–1486) Religious scene, multiple figures and landscape Substantially unquestioned Training 
Lady with an Ermine (portrait of Cecilia Gallerani) (1490) Portrait Generally unquestioned Training 
The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne (1503) Religious scene, multiple figures and landscape Substantially unquestioned Training 
Saint John the Baptist (1513–1516) Religious scene, single figure Generally unquestioned Training 
Portrait of a Musician (1490) Portrait Generally unquestioned Training 
Virgin of the Rocks (London version) (1491–1508) Religious scene, multiple figures and landscape Generally unquestioned Training 
La Bella Principessa (1495–1496) Portrait Questioned Test 
La Belle Ferronnière (1490–1497) Portrait Generally unquestioned Test 
Madonna Litta (mid-1490s) Madonna and child Questioned Comparative 
Isleworth Mona Lisa (1508–1516) Portrait Questioned Comparative 
Seated Bacchus (1510–1515) Religious (genre) scene, single figure Workshop of Leonardo Comparative 
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