Table 1. 

Task effects on continuous speech processing

TypeMeasureKey result
Behavioral Visual accuracy Low load > High load 
Visual reaction time Low load < High load 
Auditory accuracy Auditory single-task = Low load > High load 
  
Neural (Δz) Visual Auditory single-task < Low load < High load 
Acoustic Gammatone spectrogram No significant task effect 
Onset spectrogram Auditory single-task > Low load = High load 
  
Linguistic Sublexical, word-form, and sentence context Auditory single-task > Low load = High load 
Entropy and surprisal Entropy: Auditory single-task > Low load = High load 
Surprisal: Auditory single-task > Low load = High load 
Word onset No significant task effect 
TypeMeasureKey result
Behavioral Visual accuracy Low load > High load 
Visual reaction time Low load < High load 
Auditory accuracy Auditory single-task = Low load > High load 
  
Neural (Δz) Visual Auditory single-task < Low load < High load 
Acoustic Gammatone spectrogram No significant task effect 
Onset spectrogram Auditory single-task > Low load = High load 
  
Linguistic Sublexical, word-form, and sentence context Auditory single-task > Low load = High load 
Entropy and surprisal Entropy: Auditory single-task > Low load = High load 
Surprisal: Auditory single-task > Low load = High load 
Word onset No significant task effect 
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