Table 1

Possible interpretations of one target sentence (Someone said he could jump over every frog that Jessie did)

Scopal relationVPEInterpretation
∀ > ∃ (intended) Matrix For every frog x such that Jessie said she could jump over x, there was someone who said he could jump over that frog
∃ > ∀ Matrix There is someone such that for every frog x such that Jessie said she could jump over x, that person also said he could jump over those frogs
∀ > ∃ Embedded For every frog x such that Jessie jumped over x, there was someone who said he could jump over that frog
∃ > ∀ Embedded There is someone such that for every frog x such that Jessie jumped over x, that person said he could jump over those frogs
Scopal relationVPEInterpretation
∀ > ∃ (intended) Matrix For every frog x such that Jessie said she could jump over x, there was someone who said he could jump over that frog
∃ > ∀ Matrix There is someone such that for every frog x such that Jessie said she could jump over x, that person also said he could jump over those frogs
∀ > ∃ Embedded For every frog x such that Jessie jumped over x, there was someone who said he could jump over that frog
∃ > ∀ Embedded There is someone such that for every frog x such that Jessie jumped over x, that person said he could jump over those frogs
Close Modal