Average face is at the origin of the face space. (a) Average face, based on 128 faces in sample set. (b) Face space as derived by multidimensional scaling (MDS). Based on responses of a population of 100 tensorface cells (rank $=$ 8) to 128 face stimuli, as well as responses of those tensorfaces to the average face. MDS reduced the original 100-dimensional face space to a two-dimensional approximation to allow visualization. Plot symbols show positions of individual faces in the face space, classified by race and gender. Black star shows the average face located at the origin of the face space.